Chronicle of the violence of US foreign policy since 1945

 

 

1945, Japan

the only nuclear bombs ever to be used were dropped by the US on the civilian population of Nagasaki and Hiroshima.  Some historians maintain that some time before those bombs were dropped, the Japanese government had cabled the US government 5 or 6 times, officially capitulating.  The US never responded to to these cables.

 

1945, Germany

the US secret service CIC recruits specialist from the SS and other Nazi- collaborators into a mercenary army of 35.000, to fight a guerrilla war against the USSR.  Their first deployment is in the Karpates, where they are as unsuccessful as another 1200 strong deployment the which is dropped in 1950 in the USSR at the beginning of the Korea war to incite a “popular uprising”.  The CIC takes over the Nazi espionage organisation “foreign armies east” ( “fremde heere ost”), renames it “organisation Gehlen”, and uses it to start a targeted sabotage and destabilisation campaign in eastern Europe.  Later, the “organisation Gehlen” will become the official secret service of the federal republic of Germany.  Amongst the numerous SS and Gestapo specialists which are taken over by the US secret service and are protected from investigation is Klaus Barbie, who had been responsible for organising the deportation of French Jews into German concentration camps. In 1951, the CIA takes Barbie to Bolivia, from where he orchestrates for them death- commandos against leftist politicians and unionists all over Latin America.

 

1945-49, china

the US intervene in the Chinese civil war on the side of chiang kaishek against the communists.  To this end they deploy Japanese soldiers they had taken prisoner of war after their capitulation during the second world war.

 

1945-53, Philippines

US troops are already fighting the leftist Huks at a time when those resistance fighters are fighting the Japanese invaders.  After the war, the huks are brutally defeated.  The US put a succession of puppet regimes into place, in the end they install strongman Ferdinand Marcos.

 

1947-48, Italy,

the US secret service arms the Mafia as a terror unit of the right against the communists and socialists.  Additional gangsters are imported from the US to Italy to further their ends.

 

1946-49, Greece

together with British troops, US units and weapons ensure during the “Greek civil war” the defeat of the antifascist resistance movement, which had carried the main load of the fight against the German occupation.  The CIA establishes the infamous internal security police KYP.

 

1950, USA

the national security committee (NSC) submits a new security strategy (file name NSC 68), according to which revolutionary changes around the globe are not a result of inner- political circumstances, but due to the “soviet imperialism”.  As a consequence of NSC 68, the US station over half a million soldiers on 675 military bases around the globe.  Between then and 1975, there are 215 US military interventions worldwide.

 

1950, Puerto Rico

US troops smash a rebellion for national independence.

 

1950-53, Korea

the US intervene in the conflict between communist north- Korea and the Syngman- Rhee dictatorship in south Korea on the side of the south, and manage to obtain the consent of the UN security council for their intervention.  The US air force destroys nearly 120,000 targets in north Korea.  The total explosive power deployed  equals nearly half of all bombs and ammunition the US used during WW2.  the total of people killed is 500,000 in the south, and 2 Mio in the north.

 

1953, Iran

the lawfully elected Mossadegh government decided in 1951 to nationalise the Anglo Iranian Oil company.  In august 1953, a people’s referendum confirms this with a 99.4 majority.  Two weeks later, the CIA trained and controlled officer corps overthrows the government.  The previously British oil companies are taken over by a US consortium.  The US return the Shah to the country and to power and annihilate the Iranian democracy.

 

1954, Guatemala

The CIA organises a coup to overthrow the lawful Arbenz- government, who as part of the land reform wanted to nationalise the US company “United fruit company”.  Under the rule of the US installed military dictatorship, 140,000 indios are killed or vanish without trace.

 

1956, Egypt

US government and CIA want to destabilise the government of president Nasser, who has become a leader of the block- free (ie non- aligned) countries.  in July 1956 they withdraw their loan for the assuan dam, a project central to the development of the Egyptian agriculture.  As a consequence, Nasser announces the nationalisation of the suez- canal, in order to use the fees generated by the canal for the Egyptian economy.  Britain, France and Israel attack Egypt.  At the tail end of the Suez- crisis, the US occupy the leading role which had previously been held by Britain.

 

1958, Lebanon

operation “blue bat”, 14,000 marines occupy the country.

 

1961, Cuba

on 1/1/59, the revolution lead by Fidel Castro has finally succeeded against the dictator Batista.  When Castro wants to make good on his promises to reduce large scale land holding, the Us launch an embargo and numerous sabotage acts against Cuba.  In march 1960,the French freighter “coubre” is blown up by CIA agents in the port of Havana.  81 people are killed, over 300 are wounded.  In Guatemala the CIA trains a mercenary army, which invades in 1961 the bay of pigs.  The world came within a hair’s breadth to a nuclear war.  Two days earlier, US planes bombarded the Cuban defence installations.  The weapons and the ships used to transport the mercenaries are financed by US companies, mainly the infamous “united fruit company”, which before the Cuban revolution was the biggest land owner in Cuba.  When the invasion fails, the US implement a harsh blockade policy, which after the collapse of the eastern bloc causes acute problems in Cuba.

 

1961, Congo/ Zaire

CIA mercenaries murder the first post- colonial president Lumumba, who had a anti imperialist policy.  The mercenaries take over, and in 1965 the US install president Mobutu, whose reign of terror will last decades.

 

1962, Laos

operation tailwind.  Although the Geneva accord prohibits the presence of foreign troops on Lao soil, the CIA establishes under the direction of the Kennedy government a secret army, “L’armee clandestine”, which also intervenes in Vietnam.  35,000 opium growing peasants are part of this army, which is financed in part from the proceeds of the drug trade.

 

1964- 75,Vietnam

the 1954 Geneva Indochina accord states that in the first stage the troops of the democratic republic of Vietnam shall withdraw to the north of the country, while the French troops shall withdraw to the south.  The final clause of the accord plans the re- unification of the country.  The US do not accept this clause.  In south Vietnam they install their puppets, and as of 1963 an undisguised military dictatorship.  In 1964 they create the “tonkin bay incident” (in the vicinity of the north’s capital) and start bombarding north Vietnam as of 1965.  over the coming years,2.6 mio US soldiers will fight on Vietnamese soil.  the explosive power the US descend on the Vietnamese is three times as much as used during all of WW2.  carpet bombings with napalm and chemicals leave vast areas of burnt and contaminated soil.  3 mio people are killed, 500,000 are wounded, and 900,000 children are orphaned.  As in Nagasaki and Hiroshima, severe deformities in new born children are a consequence that lasts until today.

 

1963- 90, south Africa

with their spy technology, the CIA assists the hunt for apartheid opponents.  The arrest of nelson Mandela is organised by the CIA as well.

 

1964, brazil

president Joao Goulart was elected in 1961.  when he implements social reforms and sets a limit for the flow of profits to foreign countries, and nationalises a company belonging to the US group ITT,  the CIA organises a coup and assists a military junta  to seize power, which reverses all social reforms and ends the diplomatic relationships with Cuba.

 

1965-66    Dominican republic.

The democratically elected president juan bosch is “couped away” because of his social reform plans.  As a growing popular movement is demanding his return, the US send 23,000 troops to the island and quell the revolt.

 

 

1965,Indonesia

operation “arc light”.  The army, whose commanders are controlled by the CIA, is moved against the anti- imperialist president sukarno.  When the leftist “popular front”, the strongest supporters of the president, tries to take power from the army leadership, a long planned “counter-strike” is executed.  Hundreds of thousands of sukarno followers are murdered.  Sukarno is replaced by suharto, a loyal follower of the US.

 

1967, Greece

a few weeks before the elections the CIA stage- manage a coup against the democratic government under Papandreou.  In the first month after the coup alone, 8000 people are killed.  A seven year fascist rule follows.

 

1967, Bolivia

the CIA directs the battles of the Bolivian army against the guerrilla and the arrest of the unit of che Guevara, who is consequently murdered.

 

1969, Cambodia

the US secretly and illegally start carpet bombing neutral Cambodia (operation “menu”) as they suspect that viet- minh troops are using the Cambodian border area.  Of the 7 mio Cambodians who have not known war in centuries, 800.000 are killed and 2mio become refugees.  Between 1969 and 73, 16,527 sorties dropped 383,851 tons explosives on Cambodia.  US policy destabilises the country and leads to the rise to power of the khmer rouge, which had no popular base.  Up to a third of the population will die as a result of their reign, which is later on funded by the US when the Vietnamese enter the country.

 

1970- 73

in 1970, the candidate of the “unidad popular” Salvador Allende, wins the presidential elections.  When the commander of the Chilean army, René Schneider, resists American pressure to stage a military coup, he is killed by a CIA- organised commando.  After 3 years of sabotage and de- stabilising activities, schneider’s successor general pinochet, carries out the CIA coup.  President Allende is murdered, and the football stadium is turned into a prison for tens of thousands of Allende supporters of the democratic president.  Thousands of activists of left wing parties and unionists are chased and killed by death- squads.  US foreign minister kissinger comments: “  I cannot see why we should allow a country to become communist, only because it’s population is of unsound mind.” 

 

1972 onwards, Honduras

following direct interventions by the US and military coups in 72, 75 and 78, the US impose a constitutional assembly.  Christian democrats, socialists, and communists are excluded from the elections.

 

1972, middle east

together with the greek fascist junta the CIA and Us foreign ministry organise a coup against the democratically elected president of the island- state, archbishop makarios.  The president is able to escape the attempt on his life.  When the democrats gain the upper hand in Athens, US foreign minister kissinger changes sides to turkey, which invaded Cyprus.  Thousands are being killed, 200,000 people are displaced.

 

1975, east timor

Portugal abandons it’s former colony.  The fretilin independence movement declare the island an independent republic.  The US refuse to accept this and support the invasion of the country by Indonesia, wich is economically and militarily dependend on the US.  During the ensuing massacres, 200,000timorese are killed.

 

1976, argentinia

the CIA orchestrates a military coup against the government.  Death- squads terrorise the country for the Videla regime.  The CIA establishes Buenos aires as their central headquarters, from which they send death squadrons against unpopular people and groups all over latin America.

 

1976- 82, Angola

the us support against the government of natioal liberation the rebels with weapons and special units.  This rebel group is also supported by the apartheid regime in south Africa.  The entire country descends in a self- destructive civil war.

 

1980- 88, Iran/ iraq

in 1979 the US puppet shah reza palewi is overthrown in favour of ayatollah chomeini.  US president carter develops a new doctrin:  attempts of a third party to gain influence in the Persian gulf have to be regarded as an assault on vital US interests, and have to be put down with all necessary means, including military force.  The US arm Iraq with the most modern weapons, including chemical ones, for an attack on Iran.  As the attack begins in 1980, Iraqw is also supported with intelligence from satellites ans AWACS planes.  During the 8 year war, hundreds of thousands die from American arms, including nerve gas.  In 1984 the US shoot down two Iranian fighter planes over the Persian gulf, 1987 the US battleship “Vincennes” downs an Iranian airbus- 270 civilians are killed.  Because of the American support, iraq rises to become the dominant military force in the region.  At the same time the US also support Iran with the goal that both countries will annihilate each other.  Weapons to the value of $80 billion are shipped via Israel to Iran.  Congress is not informed about those deals.  With the billions of income from the sales, the reagan administration can finance “Contras”, ie mercenary units against unpopular regimes all over the globe.

 

1980- 1990, Afgahanistan

the CIA hires Islamic fundamentalists from all Arabic countries to be used as “holy warriors” against the soviet backed regime in Afghanistan.  Among the CIA trained terrorists is alos bin lade, whose organisation “Al- Qaida- the basis” is developed under the patronage of the CIA.  To finance the guerrilla, the CIA organises in cooperation with the Pakistani secret service the growing of drugs in the “liberated” areas of Afghanistan.  The distribution of the drugs all over the world is organised through CIA logistics.  After the defeat of the US, The “arab afghans” find a new target for their holy war in the US.

 

1981- 85, Nicaragua

financed mainly by profits from the arms deals with Iran, the US builds and maintains an army in Nicaragua, which consists mainly of members of the army of the previous dictator Somoza.  These several thousand “contras” are used  in contravention of an explicit direction of US congress.  Additional sources of finance for the CIA are drug profits:  the US pilots fly weapons in, and on their way back take drugs out.  In 1986 the international court in den haag finds that the paramilitary actions of the US were contravening international law.

 

1981- 92, El Salvador

the FMLN (farabundo marti national liberation front) becomes a growing force against the US installed rgime.  The CIA agent Roberto d’aubuisson founds ARENA, whose death squadrons kill thousands of regime opponents including archbishop oscar romero.  Even after the peace declaration of92 ARENA continues their killings, which is critisised repeatedly by the UN.

 

1982, Falklands/ Malvinas

the US support the UK in their war in the Falklands with satellit intelligence and othe technological equipment.  750 argentine and 250 british soldiers are killed.

 

1982- 84, Lebanon

using battleships, planes and mmarines on land, the US troops oust the PLO and install the Phalangists as the dominating force.  The marine corps is attacked in Beirut, to which te US navy reacts by shelling the country from sea.

 

 

1983, grenada

operation urgent fury.  The US attack the small central American country, liquidate the Marxist government and install a regime of their choice.  Over 400 grenadians and 84 cubans, mostly construction workers, are killed

 

1984- 86, Libya

in his national security directive No 138 president reagan declare in 1984 the fightagainst state sponsored terrorism as a primary goal.  Two years later Libya becomes the first test case of this doctrin.  The bombardments kill at least 40 civilian lifes, including the daughter of the head of state, ghaddafi.

 

1986, Haiti

when the US puppet “baby doc”duvalier becomes untenable, the US install a military junta.

 

1986, 1990- 93, Bolivia

US army units control vast areas of the country, supposedly to control drug growing and trade.

 

1988 onwards, Honduras

operation “golden pheasant”

 

1988/90, Persian gulf

operations “praying mantis”, “earnest will”

 

1989/90, Panama

a bombardement destroys large parts of Panama City.  27,000 US soldiers take over and arrest president noriega.  Over 2,000 people die, 15,000 become homeless.  Supposedly, the attack is to arrest noriega, who is alleged to trade in drugs.  However, noriega committed these crimes for years with the knowledge of and largely for the CIA.  The invasion is staged 2 months before the elections, in which the sandinista had good chances of success.

 

1990 onwards, Hawaii

operation “wipeout”

 

1990-91, 1996, Liberia

Operations “sharp edge”, assured response”

 

1991, Bangladesh

operation “productive effort/ sea angel”

 

1991, Phillipines

“Fiery Vigil”

 

 Bombardierung der Städte Berlin, Nürnberg und Dresden
1945 nachdem der 2. Weltkrieg defacto beendet war wurden dennoch Städte Berlin, Nürnberg und Dresden, in denen sich nur noch Zivilisten, Frauen, Kindern und Greise befanden, dem Erdboden gleichgemacht.

 

Atombomben auf Hiroschima und Nagasaki
1945, die einzigen bisher gegen Zivilisten eingesetzten Atombomben der Menschheitsgeschichte. In Japan wird bis heute jährlich des Grauens gedacht.

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